The Miracles of Surfactant: Less Invasive Surfactant Administration, Nebulization, and Carrier of Topical Drugs

Surfactant replacement therapy (SRT) has long become the standard of care in treatment neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), significantly decreasing acute pulmonary morbidity and mortality preterm infants. For decades, this beneficial been administered via endotracheal tube. Despite improving outcome RDS, however, burden bronchopulmonary dysplasia remains, particular, very immature Acknowledging direct relationship between exposure to duration invasive mechanical ventilation chronic lung disease, latter gradually replaced by noninvasive strategies RDS. This is strongly related demand for similarly modes surfactant administration. Alternative techniques spontaneously breathing infants have evolved, including less using thin catheters (less administration minimally treatment) as well nebulization surfactant, although not ready clinical application yet. In addition, given their therapeutic delivery lungs subsequent alveolar distribution, preparations represent an attractive vehicle deposition drugs Further improvement SRT expansion field may hold additional benefits, especially most